2Genes DNA Test / Lactose and gluten intolerance / 2 genes

2Genes DNA test will help you find out if you have a family history to lactose or gluten intolerance

2 genes diagnostics

Examined:

• Lactose intolerance – reducing the level of lactase, an enzyme necessary for the proper lactose digestion.
• Gluten intolerance is a genetically determined disorder of digestion in the small intestine developed in response to ingestion of gluten-containing foods.

Based on the results 2Genes DNA test results you will find out:

• If you need to avoid dairy and cereals products
• If you have a family history to lactose or gluten intolerance
• If unpleasant symptoms relate to food intolerances
• If you need an expensive diet

Genetic gluten intolerance

Study of polymorphism / mutation in the HLA-DQ2 gene

From the 2 gene DNA test you will find out if you are a carrier of unfavorable mutations in the HLA-DQ2 gene. The presence of mutations in the HLA-DQ2 gene indicates a very high liability to celiac disease / gluten intolerance.

Celiac disease (gluten-sensitive enteropathy) is a genetic systemic autoimmune disease, manifested by gluten-dependent symptoms and characterized by atrophy of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, leading to its atrophy (malabsorption) caused by gluten intolerance (wheat, rye, barley, oats), in which the absorption of various dietary minerals, including iron, calcium and vitamin D is affected, leading to the development of osteoporosis, anemia and other serious diseases. At the same time, it is possible to fully restore the function of the organ in response to the termination of contact with gluten by prescribing a gluten-free diet.

The only treatment for celiac disease is to eliminate gluten from the diet.
The prescription of a gluten-free diet, that is, a nutritious diet excluding foods containing cereal prolamins, removes the stimulus for the development of autoimmune inflammation.

To identify gluten intolerance and liability to the celiac disease, it is necessary to conduct a molecular analysis of the HLA-DQ2 gene, as in 95% of cases the gluten intolerance is associated with mutations in this particular gene.

In this case, genetic testing for gluten intolerance is valuable because gluten-free food does not affect DNA testing in any way. All the other tests depend on whether the patient is on a special diet or not.

Indications for examination:

• Allergy
• HLA-dependent celiac disease or gluten metabolic disorders in close relatives
• Autoimmune diseases
• Stunted growth
• Iron-deficiency anemia
• Type 1 diabetes mellitus
• Decreased body mass index
• Diarrhea / Stool disorders
• Nasal congestion
• Weakness and apathy
• Alopecia
• Infertility
• Sneezing
• Skin redness
• Runny nose
• Labored breathing

Gluten is a major component of all cereals (such as wheat, rye, barley and oats). Most of all gluten is found in wheat, wheat flour and its components, very often used in sausages and lunch meat, canned food, various sauces and dairy products, bouillon cubes and instant coffee.

Genetic lactose intolerance

Study of polymorphism / mutation in the LPH gene (LCT)

The result of the 2Genes DNA-test study allows revealing the reason for the lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance (LI) development and prescribing timely appropriate treatment.

Within this panel, the LPH (LCT) gene, determining genetic lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance (LI), is examined.

Lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance (LI) is the inability to digest lactose due to the lactase enzyme deficiency.

LPH (LCT) gene codes the lactase enzyme. This enzyme is produced in the small intestine and is involved in the breakdown of milk sugar — lactose into glucose and galactose.

Variants of of the LPH (LCT) gene genotypes:

• CC – genotype associated with lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance in adults.
• ST – genotype associated with a preserved moderate level of lactase activity and the probable presentation of lactose intolerance in adults.
• TT – genotype associated with good lactose tolerance in adults.

Lactose is a complex sugar found in milk and all dairy products. During digestion, under the lactase enzyme fermentation (coded by LPH (LCT) gene) in the gastro-intestinal tract, the lactose is broken down into simple monosaccharides: glucose and galactose, after which these monosaccharides are absorbed into the bloodstream.

In case there is too much undigested lactose in the intestinal tract (reduced cleavage activity of lactase) and the amount of lactic-acid-producing bacteria is not enough, then the undigested lactose provokes the flow of water from the body into the intestinal cavity, resulting in loose stool (diarrhea), pain, gurgling, bloating. This condition is called lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance (LI).

Lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance (LI)

Lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance (LI) leads to various dyspeptic disorders when drinking milk and predisposes to a decrease in blood calcium concentration, increased frequency of bone fractures and higher risk of osteoporosis development in postmenopausal women, therefore taking calcium supplements is recommended as an additional source of calcium.

Treatment of lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance (LI)

Treatment of lactase deficiency / lactose intolerance (LI) is based on taking lactase enzyme medications, diet therapy with the restriction or complete exclusion of lactose-containing products:
milk, ordinary adapted and non-adapted milk formulas, fermented baked milk, sour cream, milk porridges and puddings, kefir, acidophilous milk.

In case of lactase deficiency /lactose intolerance, the prescription of milk meal plan for a number of digestive system diseases may significantly worsen the patient’s condition and complicate the treatment of the underlying disease.

It happens that people experience symptoms of lactose intolerance after eating bread or instant breakfasts, as some foods are complemented with lactose as a sweetener. Also, lactose can be found in lunch meat and sausages, potato chips, margarine and some medications.

According to the severity, partial and complete LI are distinguished:

• Primary LI is subdivided into congenital (genetic, familial), transient (found in premature infants) and adult type LI.
• Secondary LI is developed owing to intestinal infectious diseases, as well as any intestine issues.

Indications for examination:

• For children and adults as a differential diagnosis of acute digestive disorders of an infectious and non-infectious nature, congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract, with cystic fibrosis, as well as intolerance to other sugars.
• For young children when stopping breastfeeding to prevent unexpected bowel disorders, especially in case of hypersensitivity to exercise tolerance testing.
• The presence of venous thrombosis or thromboembolia in relatives of I and II degrees of relationship.

DNA test to identify lactose and gluten intolerance.
The material for the examination is the buccal epithelium (the surface layer of internal mouth tissues cells), the sampling is made with a sterile cotton wool stick.

Diet and medications do not affect the test result.

The 2Genes DNA report consists of 10 pages and contains the following sections:

• Lactose intolerance.
• Analysis of the major mutation in the LPH lactase gene (LCT) – a study of risk factors for a decrease in lactase activity.
• Gluten intolerance.
• Analysis of the main mutation in the HLA-DQ2 gene – celiac disease diagnostics.
• Results.
• Conclusions.
• Nutritional recommendations.

2Genes DNS Testa komplektu